Hans Cürlis filmed Kandinsky, Grosz, Pechstein, Dix, Kollwitz, Liebermann, and Calder at work, many years before Paul Hasaert’s Visite à Picasso. Cürlis had studed with Wölflin and had written his thesis on Dürer. In 1919 he established the Institut für Kulturforschung, "the first German scientific institution which consciously selected the cinema as a form of expression through the results of its own work" (Cürlis, 1929). That he is not considering simply a form of documentation is demonstrated by the fact that among his first collaborators can be listed animation and silhouette artists such as Bartosch, Carl Koch, Lotte Reiniger, and Toni Rabold. After a film on African sculpture and a number of geographical documentaries, in 1922 he began the series Schaffende Hände: short films not "on art" so much as the physical process of the creation of a work of art turned into cinema.